VTL Documentation
  • User Manual
    • Foreword
    • Introduction
      • Structure of the document
    • General characteristics of the VTL
      • User orientation
      • Integrated approach
      • Active role for processing
      • Independence of IT implementation
      • Extensibility, customizability
      • Language effectiveness
    • Evolution of VTL 2.0 in respect to VTL 1.0
      • The Information Model
      • Structural artefacts and reusable rules
      • The core language and the standard library
      • The user defined operators
      • The VTL Definition Language
      • The functional paradigm
      • The operators
      • Changes for version 2.1
    • VTL Information Model
      • Introduction
      • Generic Model for Data and their structures
        • Data model diagram
        • Explanation of the Diagram
        • Functional Integrity
        • Examples
        • The data artefacts
      • Generic Model for Variables and Value Domains
        • Variable and Value Domain model diagram
        • Explanation of the Diagram
        • Relations and operations between Code Items
        • Conditioned Code Item Relations
        • The historical changes
        • The Variables and Value Domains artefacts
      • Generic Model for Transformations
        • Transformations model diagram
        • Explanation of the diagram
        • Examples
        • Functional paradigm
        • Transformation Consistency
    • VTL Data types
      • Data Types overview
        • Data Types model diagram
        • Explanation of the diagram
        • General conventions for describing the types
      • Scalar Types
        • Basic Scalar Types
        • Value Domain Scalar Types
        • Set Scalar Types
        • External representations and literals used in the VTL Manuals
        • Conventions for describing the scalar types
      • Compound Data Types
        • Component Types
        • Data Set Types
        • Product Types
        • Operator Types
        • Ruleset Types
        • Universal Set Types
        • Universal List Types
    • VTL Transformations
      • The Expression
      • The Assignment
      • The Result
      • The names
        • The artefact names
        • The environment name
        • The connection to the persistent storage
    • VTL Operators
      • The categories of VTL operators
      • The input parameters
      • The invocation of VTL operators
      • Level of operation
      • The Operators’ behaviour
        • The Join operators
        • Other operators: default behaviour on Identifiers, Measures and Attributes
        • The Identifier Components and the Data Points matching
        • The operations on the Measure Components
        • Operators which change the basic scalar type
        • Boolean operators
        • Set operators
      • Behaviour for Missing Data
      • Behaviour for Attribute Components
        • The Attribute propagation rule
        • Properties of the Attribute propagation algorithm
    • Governance, other requirements and future work
      • The governance of the extensions
      • Relations with the GSIM Information Model
        • Data Sets and Data Structures
        • Value Domains
        • Transformation model and Business Process Model
    • Annex 1 – EBNF
      • Properties of VTL grammar
  • Reference Manual
    • Foreword
    • Introduction
    • Overwiew of the language and conventions
      • Introduction
      • Conventions for writing VTL Transformations
      • Typographical conventions
      • Abbreviations for the names of the artefacts
      • Conventions for describing the operators’ syntax
      • Description of data types of operands and result
      • VTL-ML Operators
      • VTL-ML - Evaluation order of the Operators
      • Description of VTL Operators
    • VTL-DL - Rulesets
      • define datapoint ruleset
        • Semantics
        • Syntax
        • Syntax description
        • Parameters
        • Constraints
        • Semantic specification
        • Examples
      • define hierarchical ruleset
        • Semantics
        • Syntax
        • Syntax description
        • Input parameters type
        • Constraints
        • Semantic specification
        • Examples
    • VTL-DL – User Defined Operators
      • define operator
        • Syntax
        • Syntax description
        • Input parameters type
        • Constraints
        • Semantic specification
        • Examples
      • Data type syntax
    • VTL-ML - Typical behaviours of the ML Operators
      • Typical behaviour of most ML Operators
      • Operators applicable on one Scalar Value or Data Set or Data Set Component
      • Operators applicable on two Scalar Values or Data Sets or Data Set Components
      • Operators applicable on more than two Scalar Values or Data Set Components
      • Behaviour of Boolean operators
      • Behaviour of Set operators
      • Behaviour of Time operators
      • Operators changing the data type
      • Type Conversion and Formatting Mask
        • The Numbers Formatting Mask
        • The Time Formatting Mask
      • Attribute propagation
    • Operators
      • VTL-ML - General Purpose Operators
        • Parentheses: ()
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Persistent assignment: <-
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Non-persistent assignment: :=`
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Membership: #
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • User-defined operator call
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Evaluation of an external routine: eval
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Type conversion: cast
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Join operators
        • Join: inner_join, left_join, full_join, cross_join
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - String Operators
        • String concatenation: \
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Whitespace removal: trim, rtrim, ltrim
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Character case conversion: upper/lower
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Sub-string extraction: substr
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • String pattern replacement: replace
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • String pattern location: instr
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examplesof valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • String length: length
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Numeric Operators
        • Unary Plus: +
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Unary Minus: -
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Addition: +
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Subtraction: -
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Multiplication: *
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Division: /
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Modulo: mod
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Rounding: round
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Truncation: trunc
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Ceiling: ceil
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Floor: floor
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Absolute value: abs
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Exponential: exp
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Natural logarithm: ln
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Power: power
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Logarithm: log
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Square root: sqrt
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Random: random
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Comparison Operators
        • Equal to: =
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Not equal to: <>
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Greater than: > >=
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Less than < <=
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Between between
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Element of in / not_in
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Match characters: match_characters
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Is null: isnull
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Exists in: exists_in
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Boolean Operators
        • Logical conjunction: and
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Logical disjunction: or
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Exclusive disjunction: xor
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Logical negation: not
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Time Operators
        • Period indicator: period_indicator
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Fill time series: fill_time_series
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Flow to stock: flow_to_stock
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Stock to flow: stock_to_flow
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Time shift: timeshift
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Time aggregation: time_agg
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Actual time: current_date
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Days between two dates: datediff
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Add a time unit to a dete: dateadd
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Extract time period from a date: getyear, getmonth, dayofmonth, dayofyear
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Number of days to duration: daytoyear, daytomonth
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Duration to number of days: yeartoday, monthtoday
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Set Operators
        • Union: union
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Intersection: interesect
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Set difference: setdiff
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Symmetric difference: symdiff
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Hierarchical aggregation
        • Hierarchical roll-up: hierarchy
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Aggregate and Analytic operators
        • Aggregate invocation
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Analytic invocation
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Counting the number of data points: count
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Minimun value: min
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Maximum value: max
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Median value: median
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Sum: sum
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Average value: avg
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Population standard deviation: stddev_pop
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Sample standard deviation: stddev_samp
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Population variance: var_pop
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Sample variance: var_samp
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • First value: first_value
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Last value: last_value
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Lag: lag
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Lead: lead
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Rank: rank
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Ratio to report: ratio_to_report
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Data Validation Operators
        • Check datapoint: check_datapoint
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Check hierarchy: check_hierarchy
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Check : check
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Conditional Operators
        • if-then-else: if
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Case: case
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Nvl: nvl
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
      • VTL-ML - Clause Operators
        • Filtering Data Points: filter
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Calculation of a Component: calc
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behavior
          • Examples
        • Aggregation: aggr
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Maintaining Components: keep
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Removal of Components: drop
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Change of Component name: rename
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Pivoting: pivot
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Unpivoting: unpivot
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
        • Subspace: sub
          • Syntax
          • Input parameters
          • Examples of valid syntaxes
          • Semantics for scalar operations
          • Input parameters type
          • Result type
          • Additional Constraints
          • Behaviour
          • Examples
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